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A recently reported IELTS Writing Task 2 topic focuses on animal extinction, framed as follows:
“It is a natural process by which animal species such as dinosaurs become extinct. There is no reason for people to prevent this from happening. Do you agree or disagree?”
This essay question is commonly asked in the IELTS agree/disagree essay type. Test-takers are expected to clearly express their opinion, support it with strong arguments, and provide relevant examples.
In this article, you will find:
- How to approach this essay question.
- Key ideas to include in your response.
- Three band 8–9 sample essays: Agree only, Disagree only, and Balanced approach.
How to Approach This Essay
When writing IELTS essays on topics like extinction, you should:
- Decide whether you agree, disagree, or partly agree.
- Support your arguments with scientific, environmental, or social reasons.
- Use clear examples from history, nature, or modern conservation efforts.
- Keep your essay well-structured: Introduction, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusion.
Sample Essay 1 – Agree Only (250+ words)
Some people argue that extinction is a natural phenomenon, and humans should not interfere with it. I strongly agree with this view because extinction has always been part of evolution, and preventing it may cause more harm than good.
Firstly, history shows that species have disappeared for millions of years without human involvement. Dinosaurs, mammoths, and countless marine animals became extinct due to natural changes in climate and habitat. This demonstrates that extinction is not necessarily a problem but rather a mechanism of natural selection that allows stronger species to adapt and survive. Trying to stop it may disrupt this evolutionary balance.
Secondly, the enormous resources spent on preventing extinction could be used to address more urgent human needs. Governments often spend billions on conservation projects, but the same money could provide education, healthcare, or clean water for millions of people. From this perspective, prioritizing human survival and well-being is more rational than attempting to control natural processes.
Admittedly, some species disappear due to human activity, such as deforestation or pollution. While this is regrettable, it is unrealistic to save every endangered animal. Instead, humans should focus on sustainable living rather than interfering with natural extinction.
In conclusion, I agree that extinction is a natural process that does not require human intervention. History proves that species have always vanished, and investing heavily to prevent it may be impractical.
Sample Essay 2 – Disagree Only (250+ words)
While extinction is a natural process, I completely disagree that humans should ignore it. In today’s world, many species are disappearing primarily due to human activity, and it is our moral duty to protect them.
To begin with, most extinctions happening today are not natural. Human actions such as deforestation, poaching, and industrial pollution are directly responsible for declining biodiversity. For instance, the Bengal tiger, African rhino, and many marine species are endangered because of human exploitation. Ignoring these facts and labeling them as “natural extinction” would be irresponsible.
Moreover, biodiversity plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. Every species, no matter how small, contributes to ecosystems through food chains and nutrient cycles. If one species vanishes, it can create a ripple effect, leading to environmental crises. For example, the decline of bees directly threatens global agriculture since they are vital pollinators. Thus, protecting endangered animals is essential for human survival as well.
Finally, from an ethical standpoint, humans should safeguard life on Earth. Having advanced technology and knowledge means we carry the responsibility to protect weaker species rather than letting them disappear. Conservation programs, wildlife sanctuaries, and breeding projects have already saved animals like the giant panda from extinction, proving that human efforts can make a positive difference.
In conclusion, I strongly disagree that extinction should be left unchecked. Since humans are the main drivers of current biodiversity loss, we must take responsibility to prevent further damage and protect the planet’s fragile ecosystems.
Sample Essay 3 – Balanced Approach (250+ words)
The extinction of species is indeed a natural process, but in today’s context, human intervention has accelerated it. In my opinion, while some extinctions may be unavoidable, people should still make efforts to protect species that are endangered due to human actions.
On one hand, extinction has always existed in nature. Dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, and other prehistoric animals vanished long before humans appeared. Such extinctions are part of evolution, and trying to preserve every species forever is unrealistic. Nature has its own way of balancing ecosystems, and human interference might even cause unexpected harm.
On the other hand, modern extinctions are largely man-made. Habitat destruction, climate change, and overhunting have pushed countless species toward disappearance. For instance, orangutans are losing their forests to palm oil plantations, while elephants are targeted for ivory. These are not natural processes but consequences of human greed. In such cases, it is only fair that humans take responsibility and implement conservation strategies.
A balanced solution is to focus on protecting species endangered by human activity while accepting that some natural extinctions are inevitable. This approach ensures resources are used wisely without trying to control every aspect of nature.
In conclusion, extinction may be natural, but human-caused biodiversity loss is a crisis that requires urgent action. Therefore, while not all species can be saved, humans should protect those endangered by their own actions.
Key IELTS Vocabulary for This Essay
- Extinction = disappearance, annihilation, eradication
- Biodiversity = variety of life, ecosystem diversity
- Conservation = preservation, protection, safeguarding
- Natural process = evolutionary cycle, biological mechanism
- Endangered species = threatened animals, at-risk wildlife
- Habitat destruction = deforestation, ecosystem loss
- Ecological balance = natural stability, environmental harmony
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